In ecology, biotic and abiotic factors encompass all the living and non-living parts of an ecosystem. Biotic factors pertain to living organisms and their relationships. Abiotic factors are the ...

Plants co-evolved with an enormous variety of microbial pathogens and insect herbivores under daily and seasonal variations in abiotic environmental conditions. Hence, plant cells display a high ...

Let’s talk about two of the main classifications of plant diseases — biotic and abiotic — and the differences between them. The term “abiotic” means “without life.” Examples include damage from the ...

Forests cover about 30% of the world’s land area and play a crucial role in absorbing and releasing carbon. A key part of this process is soil respiration, which is the release of CO 2 from soil as ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract Effective management of invasive species requires that we understand the mechanisms determining community invasibility. Successful invaders ...