The planetary boundary layer (PBL) is the atmospheric layer located between the surface (land or sea), where friction slows down air motion, and the free atmosphere, where it becomes negligible 9. The ...

ABSTRACT A soil–vegetation–atmospheric boundary layer model was developed to study the performance of two local-closure and two nonlocal-closure boundary layer mixing schemes for use in meteorological ...

The mechanism by which the Gulf Stream sea surface temperature (SST) front anchors a band of precipitation on its warm edge is still a matter of debate, and little is known about how synoptic activity ...

New Delhi/ Delft/ Leipzig. Cost-effective sensors on drones may be an effective tool for better investigating the lowest layers of the atmosphere. If ground-based air quality measurements were ...