In the first installment of this series, "Calculating a practical hotspot safety margin", we discussed how two-parameter thermal models assume that the entire motor, including windings, exhibits one ...

• The thermal models that servomotor manufacturers provide may not hold for brief periods of superhigh torque. • More accurate thermal models for periods of high performance use equations with more ...

Air fuel ratios, emissions, and others: oxygen (O2) sensor, exhaust gas temperature sensor (EGT), nitrogen oxide sensor (NOx), knock sensor The video illustrates how each sensor communicates with the ...