HOFFMANN'S SIGN OR REFLEX FOR CERVICAL SPONDYLOTIC MYELOPATHY (CSM) Next to fractures, another red flag we have to screen for in the cervical spine is cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), which is an encroachment of the spinal cord at cervical level by degenerative changes (uncinate process and facet joint osteophytosis, ossification or hypertrophy of the posterior longitudinal ligament and the ligamntum flavum or subluxations of the vertebral body). If the spinal cord is compressed, our patie

Hoffman’s sign is an involuntary movement of the thumb or index finger in response to flicking or tapping the middle finger, most often used for identifying upper motor neuron disorders. While a positive Hoffman’s sign can indicate multiple sclerosis, it doesn’t necessarily prove you have MS. Other conditions that can also cause a positive Hoffman’s sign include: - Amtitriophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) - Anxiety - Hyperthyroidism - Spinal cord injury - Tumors #chronicillness #chronicillnessawaren

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